Category Archives: Euro

Is Germany Coining It From the Euro Crisis?

It may come as some surprise to the German public, media and political class, but the Eurozone crisis hasn’t cost them a single cent to date.

If anything the crisis has boosted German exporters, by keeping the Euro itself weaker than it would otherwise be, while Germany can now borrow at record low rates because the crisis has given rise to a ‘flight to safety’ in the sovereign bond market.

Continue reading

Good PR, and a Cute Piece of Financial Engineering

These are my initial thoughts on the promissory notes ‘deal’ announced today by Minister Noonan.

  1. The cash-flow benefit is zero – we are just switching counterparties, from the EFSF etc. to Bank of Ireland (via NAMA).
  2. The impact on the (General Government) Deficit appears to be negative to the tune of EUR 90m. If this is the case, then this could mean an extra 90m in austerity measures this year to meet troika targets. Although there is a certain margin for manoeuvre built into the programme, between this 90m, lower-than-projected economic growth, and perhaps significant non-payment of the household charge, this margin may be wearing thin.
  3. This appears to be a great deal for the ECB (as ELA will effectively be repaid through LTRO via Bank of Ireland), for other EZ members (who will now be on the hook for 3.06bn less through the bailout – although this will ostensibly be used to help the NTMA build up a war-chest to smooth bond-market re-entry in 2013), and for Bank of Ireland (who keep the carry; borrowing at a low rate through the LTRO from the ECB, and lending to the govt. at a higher rate)… but an awful deal for Irish taxpayers.
  4. This would seem to be an explicit ECB endorsement of financial repression: Ireland’s only quasi-private sector bank of any significant size is being co-opted into financing govt., albeit being paid for the privilege.
  5. At a time when Irish banks are going through a rapid and painful deleveraging process, this deal will suck a further EUR 3.1bn out of their ‘real economy’ lending capacity. This will further tighten the screws on Irish firms and families struggling to get the credit they need.

As always, UCD Professor Karl Whelan is the go-to guy on all things promissory note related.

And Constantin Gurdgiev gives his thoughts here.

Europe’s Unholy Trinity

‘You Can’t Always Get What You Want’ sang the Rolling Stones in 1969. Jagger wasn’t singing about economic policy, but it’s a sentiment felt keenly by policy-makers the world over. They often face difficult choices between conflicting objectives.

Dani Rodrik, political economy professor at Harvard, has described an ‘inescapable trilemma’ at the heart of the world economy: we can have two of democracy, national sovereignty and open markets – but not all three fully and simultaneously.

As Europe’s elite desperately searches for a solution to stave off economic Armageddon, they face a similar trilemma. Technocrats’ assumption of power in Greece and Italy are cases in point. Continue reading

Euro Treaty to Save Monetary Union?

Writing in this column two months ago, I suggested that Treaty change would be needed to save the Euro. Where once such talk was taboo, it is now clear that we are faced with such constitutional change, irrespective of the UK position. A real fiscal union would involve transfers to those regions for whom a one-size-fits-all monetary policy is inappropriate. What is in prospect is not a fiscal union, however, but an austerity club.

European leaders have finally realized the need for bold reform, but they’ve completely missed the point. The Eurozone crisis is less about members’ debts, and more about their competitiveness. Continue reading

Can the euro be saved?

Yes, it can.

The real question is whether there is a coalition of the willing to move beyond rhetoric and do what it takes. A related question is whether those with the power to save the euro have the democratic mandate to do so.

Events this summer laid to rest any remaining doubts that the European monetary model is flawed, and ultimately unsustainable in its current form. 

There is a broadening consensus forming around the need for deeper economic and fiscal integration to steady the ship. ‘Eurobonds’ have been the rallying call of the left as a means of effectively cross-subsidising weaker eurozone members, and there is certainly much of merit in this idea. ‘More Europe’ may be part of the answer. Continue reading

The Transatlantic Economy’s Summer of Discontent

Much of the orthodox analysis of the West’s recent economic travails puts the blame squarely on a failure of political leadership.

Reality requires a more complex narrative.

Yes, the US came inexcusably close to committing hari kari by failing to lift its debt ceiling with a balanced, timely, comprehensive programme for long term fiscal sustainability.

Yes, the European Union struggles to deal with the fallout from the inherent contradictions at the heart of its monetary union.

Certainly, political failure doesn’t help lift the pervading sense of crisis, and the uncertainty it breeds contributes to financial market volatility, but it is market failure, not political failure, that is at the root of our economic malaise.

In short, the West’s growth model is broken. Continue reading